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SOIL Hydrogeologic Investigation Action Environmental has performed numerous subsurface/hydrogeologic investigations typically resulting from underground storage tank leaks. Over 70% of underground storage tanks, removed from the ground, did not leak. Twenty-five percent (25%) of underground storage tanks have leaks with localized contamination. A subsurface investigation of limited extent is usually all that is necessary to determine the extent of lateral migration. Usually, a soil gas survey, coupled with minor overexcavation is sufficient to obtain closure. Other cases where contaminants have migrated vertically to groundwater require a more aggressive and costly investigation. This is referred to as a full hydrogeologic investigation and will require the installation of monitoring wells, quarterly monitoring and perhaps removal of free product, floating on the groundwater. Underground Storage Tank Removal Management Underground storage tanks must be properly removed and/or abandoned followed by the appropriate number of samples analyzed for the correct parameters. Clients need to understand their options and the risks associated with tank removals. Do not make a decision until you have spoken with an engineer from Action Environmental. Call (302) 798-3100 today. Contaminated Soils Cleanup Dependent upon the type of contaminant (i.e. hydrocarbons, metals, etc.) there are several alternatives available for the cleanup of contaminated soils. Active Bioremediation, conducted by experienced personnel, has been successfully employed for the past fifteen years. Thermal Desorption for organics and Fixation for metals are technologies even older than Bioremediation. Phyto-remediation and Homogenization are not necessarily new techniques, however, the application of these techniques to environmental problems draws fresh attention to their possibility as low cost remedial alternatives. Homogenization generally refers to the chisel plowing and rototilling of soils in preparation for planting of select vegetation. Phyto-remediation refers to those specific plants used for the uptake of pollutants. Waste Disposal Sites requiring cleanup usually have multiple waste products which must be disposed of. Proper disposal includes determining what is nonhazardous, hazardous or toxic. Once those determinations are are made, the least expensive method of disposal can be determined. An important aspect of waste disposal is to guard against co-mingling hazardous and nonhazardous wastes. This common mistake is very costly because all waste must then be disposed of as hazardous. Landfill Design During the mid-1980's, landfill construction underwent numerous design changes promulgated by federal regulation. Materials of construction have continued to improve, however, basic landfill design has not changed in fifteen years. Two-thirds of existing landfills in the United States have closed since 1990. Landfills which remain in operation are being expanded, either vertically or horizontally with new cell design. Surface impoundments or waste lagoons, have also grown in popularity as opposition to full scale landfill designs has increased.